Resilient mounting and method of making the same



'Patented Sept. 7, 1.943

RESILIENT MOUNTING AND METHOD OF MAKING THE SAME Warren F. Busse, Akron,Ohio, assigner to The B. F. Goodrich Company, New York, N. Y., acorporation of New York Application February 10, 1940, Serial No.318,339

(ci. :as-#84) 7 Claims.

Thisvinvention relates to resilient mountings and to methods of makingthe same. The invention is useful in mountings subjected to stressestending to cause relative slippage between the resilient material andthe connected members, and it is applicable especially to mountings invwhich resilient material resists relative movement of the parts byshear stress of the material.

It is often desirable in resilient mountings tol provide an attachmentbetween resilient rubberlike material and metal connecting parts thatwill resist high shearing forces, when it is inconvenient orimpracticable actually to vulcanize the rubber-like material directly tothe supporting parts because of the size or shape of the parts, orbecause of the nature of the material o f which they are composed. Also,the vulcanizing of the rubber-like-material directly to such partsinvolves a considerable mold expense which vit is desirable to `lessenor avoid. In some cases heretofore, adhesives not subject tovulcanization have been proposed to unite the rubber-like materialdirectly to the parts, but the results with such eXpedients have notbeen wholly satisfactory because of the low strength of the attachment,particularly when the mounting has been subjected to elevatedtemperatures.

In some cases it has been proposed to mount a-n unadhered body ofrubber-like material un. der compression directly against the supportingparts with a view toward eliminating the adhesive or bond. In somecases, even when the faces of the parts have been roughened to increasethe surface friction for resisting slippage between the soft rubber-likematerial and the hard supporting surface, the results have not beencompletely satisfactory because the high degree of compression requiredto limit slippage has at times necessitatedvery heavy metal parts towithstand the high compressive stresses. In addition the slight relativemotion of the metal and the edge of the rubber sometimes has caused therub'berl to become chewed up at the outer edge,

particularly in rotating parts, uns condition then travellingprogressively toward the center, reducing the bonded area until completefailure ocfor providing a vulcanized bond of the resilient materialdirectly to the heavygmounting parts. and to avoid'the necessity forvery high compres- Y sive stresses on the rubber solely for the puI'DOSeof preventing slippage.

These and further objects will beapparent from the followingdescription, reference being had to the accompanying drawing in which:

Fig. 1 is an elevation, with parts broken away, of a resilient railwheel constructed according to and embodying the invention. Y

l Fig. 2 is a section on an enlarged scale taken on an axial planethrough the wheel of Fig. l.

Fig. 3 is a section like Fig. 2, showing parts thereof prior toassembly, but aligned for assembly.

Fig. 4 is a vertical section of a shear mounting of the ilat plate typesuitable for supporting motors and other vibrating masses, constructedaccording to and embodying the invention.

The objects hereinabove stated are attained in accordance with theinvention by the provision of a thin layer of relatively stiff materialupon a face of a body of the rubber-like material, such that uponpressure of said body against the irregular face of a rigid supportingpart, the thin `layer will be formed with' indentations complementary tothe irregularities of such face, the layer being of such thinness inrelation to its softness that the indentations will be formed throughoutthe thickness of such layer so that the irregularities will be formed atboth faces of the layer. This roughened stii surface layer will thenhave much more resistance to laterarmotion over the supporting platethan would the rubber itself, even though the surface layer is so thinthat it is easily bent normal to its surface.

With the increased strength of attachment thus provided, lesscompressive force on the resilient body is required than if therubber-like material were to be compressed directly in contact with the-face of the supporting part in unadhered relation Also, manufacture `isconsiderably simplified inasmuch as it is not necessary to vulcanize theresilient body `directly to such supporting parts. The thin stiff layerlat the face of the rubber-like material may be bonded thereto during thevulcanization of `the rubber part, and inasmuch as this may be `done insimple slab form, no, elaborate oidbulky molding equipment is required.

The resilient bodyrof the mounting maybe of y rubber or otherrubber-like material, and the 1 thin stiff layer may be of any suitablemetal.

for example, copper or brass, or resinous material, such as Bakelite, orhard rubber or brous compositions. Ifdesired, the outer face of theindented thin stii.F layer Amay be coated with soft solder, glue orother adhesive to contribute to the attaching strength of the layer tothe mounting part, which substances would not be effective for securingthe resilient body itself directly to y thickness. In effect, theirregularities of the supporting member virtually penetrate theresilient material itself owing to the .thinness of the facing layer.Even though the layers be so thin as to be ruptured by theindenting,'either by simple penetration through the layers or cracklngthereof into numerous pieces, the combination of the adhesion of theindented layers to the resilient body and the engagement of such layerswith the irregular face greatly increases the resistance to shearstresses tending to cause slippage along the face of the support.

The parts are assembled in the relation illustrated in Fig. 3 and thenare clamped together and are held in such clamped relation by bolts I4,I4 and I9, I9, whereupon the parts assume the resilient'material to thesupporting parts is of vital importance. l

In Figs. 1, 2, and 3 of the accompanying drawing, the invention isapplied to a cushioned rail wheel in which the cushioning is effected byrings of rubber-like material resisting relative movement of rim and hubparts by shear stress in such rings. l

The rail wheel comprises a rim I having a rail flange II and aradiallyrinward flange I2 at one margin 'of the rim. At the margin ofthe rim axially opposite the flange- I2 is disposed a radially inwardlange|3 removably mounted upon the rim as `by means of through-bolts I4,I4. Centrally of the rim I0 is mounted a spacing -ring I5 in closeengagement with the inner periphery of the rim so as to move radiallytherewith, but preferably slidable axially of the rim forself-equalization of compressive forces of re-v silient rings positionedat the two axial faces thereof.

Between the spacing ring I5 and flange I2 is positioned an overlappingflange I6 integral with a hub structure I 1, the ange I6 being spacedfrom the parts of the rim structure to provide :for relative movementboth radially and axially. Between the spacing ring I5 and the rimflange I3l is mounted a hubange I8 removably secured to the hubstructure I7 as by means of stud-bolts Mounted between the rim structureand the hub structure above described are four resilient rings 20, 2l,22, and 23., each of such thickness in the axial direction as tobemounted under compression between the hub and rim structures whenassembled in the manner illustrated in the drawing.

. The opposing faces of the ange members I2, v

I3, I5, I6 and I8are formed with irregularities, preferably in the formof sharp knurling as shown at 24, 25, 26 and 2, although theirregularities maybe in the form of ribs or any other ing upon thematerial. used for such layers, so

that the layers will be indented throughout their ,silient material.

the relation as shown in Fig. 2. The arrange-- ment is such thatrelative movements of the rim and hub in the radial direction areresisted and cushioned by shear stresses on the resilient rings, andrelative movements axially are resisted and cushioned by compression ofthe rings, the rim and hub being completely insulated by the re- In casean electrical connection between the rim and hub is desired, suitableflexible vconnectors may be provided in known manner.

Sufficient pressure in the axial direction is imposed upon the rings tocause the surface irregularities of the flange members to formindentations in the facing layers of the resilient rings,

such indentations being formed throughout the thickness of such layersas shown most clearly ported structure has a depending flange 4Idisposed in spaced-apart relation between' side plates 42, 43, thelatter plate being bent at 4G to facilitate its being bolted in clampingrelationv with plate 42 by means of one or more bolts d. Td facilitatealignment of plates 4Z, 33, the plate 43 may be provided with a ridge 46adapted to bear against the plate l2 below the bolts 45.

The plate i2 may be bolted or otherwise secured rigidly to any suitablesupport. In this embodiment the resilient bodies are in .the form oflstrips or blocks Ill, 48 constructed and assembled "in a manner similarto the resilient elements of l. A resilientmounting comprising opposedmembers adapted to be mounted for movement of one with relation to theother, the inner face of at least one of said members having surfaceirregularities, a body of resilient rubber-like may regularities,

1 press said body between terial between said members, anda thin layerof stiff material adhered to the face of said body adjacent theirregular face of the member, said layer having indentationssubstantially complementary to the irregularities of said face and saidlayer being of such thinness as to be in-' dented throughout itsthickness toward said rubber-like material as a result of having theirregularities of said -face pressed into said layer.

2. A resilient mounting comprising opposed Vmembers adaptedto be mountedfor movement of' one with relation to -the other, the inner face off* atleast oneof said members having surface irregularities, a body ofresilient rubber-like material between said members, a thin layer ofstiff material at the face of said body adjacent the irregular face ofthe member, said layer having indentations substantially complementaryto the irregularities of said face, said indentations penetrating saidlayer in the direction of said rubberlike material and being of a depthapproximately equal to 'theI thickness of said Vlayer and saidirregularities being seated in said indentations substantially to thedepth thereof, and means for holding said members in a relation tocompress said body and facing layers between them.

3. A resilient mounting comprising `opposed members and an interposedbody of resilient movement of one member with relation to the otherresisted byl shear stress in said body, the inner faces of said membershaving surface irthin facing layers of stiff material adhered to thefaces of said body adjacent the irregular faces of the members, saidlayers having indentations complementaryA to the irregularities of saidfaces, said indentations penetrating said layer in the direction Aofsaid rubberlike material and being of a depth approximately equal to thethickness of said layer and said irregularities being seated in saidindentations substantially to the depth thereof, and means for holdingsaid members in relation to comthe irregular faces while relativemovement of saidI membersis resisted by shear stress in said body.

rubber-like material adapted to be mounted for Y l 4. The method ofmaking a resilient mounting which comprises assembling a body ofresilientrubber-like material with a thin facing layer of relativelystiff material against an irregular face of a supporting member andpressing said body and facing layer-directly against the irregular faceof said member to provide indentations in said layer throughout thethickness thereof substantially complementary to the irregularities ofsaid face. o

5. The method of making a resilient mounting which comprises adhering toa body of resilient- `rubber-like material a thin facinglayer ofrelatively stiff material and pressing said body and layer directlyagainst a member having surface irregularities to provide lindentationsin said layer throughout the thickness thereof substantiallycomplementary. to said `irregularities.

6. The method of making a resilient mounting which comprises adhering toopposed faces a body of resilient rubber-like material thin facinglayers of stiff material, inserting said bod'y between opposed membershaving irregular opposed faces with the facing layers of said bodyadjacent said faces, and pressing Vsaid members toward one anothercausing said facing layers to be formed' with indentations throughoutthe thickness of said layers substantially complementary to theirregularities of said faces.

7. The method of making resilient mountings which comprises molding abody of resilient rubber-like material in strip form with thin facinglayers of .stiff material in vulcanized adhesion' WARREN F. BUssE.

